Hoisting drum



J. R. SUMAN AND A. R. GAMBLE.

HOISTING DRUM.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.25,192o.

1,414,795. Patented May 2, 1922.

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JOHN R. SUMAN, 0F HOUSTON, AND ADRIAN R. GAMBLE, 0F VELASCO, TEXAS.

HOISTIN Gr DRUM.

Letlletflg Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, i922.

Appiication mea october 25, 1920. senaino. 419,305.

To all whom it may concern.'

' Be it known that we, JoHN R. SUMAN and ADRIAN R. GAMBLE, citizens'ofthe United States, residing, respectively, at Houston, Harris County,Texas, and Velasco, Brazoria County, Texas'have invented a certain newand useful Improvement in Hoisting Drums of which the followingis afull, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilledlin the art to which it appertains'to make anduse the same.

Our 'invention relates to an improvement in hoisting drums. llt pertainsparticularly to drums for use on draw works employed in the rotarysystem ofrdrilling oil, gas, and water wells. l

In the present system of rotary drilling used in the oil fields, a drawworks is employed to raise and lower the drill stem andV the drill, thecasing, and other apparatus in the well. A cable for this purpose isoperated from a power actuated hoisting drum located on a derrickplatform. The cable passes upwardly from the vhoisting drum over pulleyson the crown block at the top of the derrick and downwardly aroundsheaves in the traveling block and again over similar sheaves on thecrown block and passes thus back and forth from the traveling block tothe crown block and finally back down to the derrick platform where thelower end of same is attached to beams supporting the platform. This'lower outer` end of the cable is called the dead line and does notassist in any way in the raising and lowering of theload. The entirecable is wound upon the one hoisting drum ordinarily employed. behandled in deep wells, it is common to pass the cable back and forthfrom the crown block to the traveling block Ll or 5. times so as to make8 or 10 lines between the two blocks so as to increase the power inraising the load. The operation of the drum in raising the load is henceslow and a heavy load pulls upon the cable as it is wound up on thedrum. Tn reeling up the cable it is found that, after the first layerhas been wound upon the drum the tightness of the cable due to the loadthereon often causes a cutting of cable already wound until it isweakened or broken so that it has to be repaired or a new cable used.

It is also necessary when a light lead is being operated and speed isdesired to unthread the cable from the crown block. to

When large loads are to the traveling block so as to` reduce the nun1-ber of strands ofcable between the two blocks so as to increase thespeed of hoistlng the load. `Nhen, however, the load increases, itbecomes necessary to rethread the the drill stem lis in the well'andthere is l then danger ,that'so much time will be" consumed' inyre-arranging the cable thatfthe drill stem will become frozen in thewell anrll1 vcannot be withdrawn, thus junking the we The object of ourinvention is to employ 'a plurality of hoisting drums v upon theslameshaft so that the cable may be'wound partlv on one drum and partly .onanother sok that the danger vof cutting the :cable will be greatlylessened. I Y

.'Another object is to .provide an arrange-v ment of hoisting drumswhereby the'cable may be wound from both ends at once, if

desired, so. as toy double the speed by lwhich theV two drums maybeoperated simulliane-V ouslywhen desired. v l The further objects andadvantages of our invention will more clearlyappear in the specificationwhich follows.v y

Referring to the drawing fo-rming a part of this specification andwherein like numerals of. reference are applied toboth the views, Fig.l, is ya central vlongitudinal section through a rderrick upon which yismounted a preferred embodiment of our invention, and showing the same.inside elevation; and Fig. 2 is an f enlarged Vcentral longitudinalsection through the hoisting drum shown in Fig.V l. In Fig. 1 is shown abroken view of a derrick l being mounted upona base 2, and having aplatform 3 thereon, on which is mounted the hoisting apparatus A,ordinarily used in drilling operations. At the upper end of the derrickis mounted a support 4L sustaining the crown block 5 resting thereon.This crown block comprises a seriesof pulleys or sheaves 6 mounted uponbearing shafts 7 resting' upon the block 5. The pulleys 6 are formedwith a peripheral groove, in which the cable 8 is adapted to run. Thesesheaves may be of any desired number, usually from 2 to 6, said pulleysbeing mounted in rows upon the supporting frame of the crown block 5 sothat the cable may pass over each of the pulleys in turn without thecable interfering with the operation of any of the separate pulleys.Below the crown block is a traveling block 9. rThis traveling' block isnothing` more than a compound pulley', or system of sheaves mounted in aframe work 10, said frame work acting as a support for the sheaves andextending a short distance below the same for attachment to a yoke 11and hook 12, to which the bail 13 of the swivel 14 is attached. Theswivel 14 acts as a non-rotatable support for the rotating drill stem15, to which the drill, not shown, is attached. This swivel. drill stemand drill constitute the ordinary load in the regular drilling`operation. 1t will be understood, however, that the hook 12 may beattached to an elevator for raising and lowering` casing. fishingv toolsand other apparatusordinarily in use about the derrick in drillingoperations.

The hoisting,` apparatus A. which we employ is mounted upon the derrickplatform. A. cross shaft 15 is mounted for rotation in bearings 16secured to uprights 17 upon the platform. The shaft 15 is operatedpreferably by some source of mechanical power by means of a sprocketwheel 18 mounted upon the shaft toward one end thereof. This sprocketwheel is mounted loosely for rotation 'on the shaft under ordinarycircumstances, but has a projecting` hub on the outer face thereofhaving teeth 19 adapted to mesh with teeth 2O upon theV clutch member21, the said clutch beingv keyed slidably to the shaft 15 and operatedby means of a lever 22 in a well known manner. Thus the shaft may beoperated through the means of the sprocket wheel 18 by simply throwingthe clutch 20 into mesh with the teeth on the hub of the sprocket wheel.Adjacent the sprocket wheel on the side opposite the clutch is ahoistingV drum 23. This drum is of ordinary construction and, as shownin Fig. 2, is secured to the shaft by means of a key 24 thereon. The endadjacent the sprocket wheel 18 is provided with a brake drum 25, overwhich a brake band 26 operates, the said brake band being tightened uponthe drum by means of a lever 27.

Immediately adjacent the drum 23 is another drum 28. This drum, as shownin Fig. 2, is mounted idly on the shaft 15 for rotation thereon and forthis purpose is provided with bushings 29 and 30, these bushings beingof any preferred bearing metal, such as bronze, etc. The outer peripheryof the drum, which. in both the hoisting dru ms,is separated fromtheshaft by means of metal discs 31 at the ends thereof, is made up of acylindrical length of metal pipe 32 furnishing a surface upon which thecable is mounted. Between the pipe 32 and the shaft, intermediate theends, is a chamber 33 which we contemplate using as a reservoir forlubricant and, as a means of filling,` this chamber from time to time,we have provided an inlet pipe 34 having a closing cap 35 atr the outerend thereof. The outer end of the drum 28 has a brake drum 36 thereon,by means of which the speed of the drum may be controlled. Teeth 3T onthe outer face of the hub of the drum are adapted for co-operatiou withthe teeth 38 of a clutch 40 keyed slidably to the shaft by means of akey 39. The clutch 4l() is operate-d by means of a hand lever 4.1,pivoted on a bracket Ll2 secured to one of the uprights 17.

The operation of our device will now be clear. The cable will be wound.from. the drum 23, upwardly over one of the sheaves 6 of the crown blockand back through corresponding sheaves in the traveling,- block 9 andagain over another sheave in the crown block, thus passing back andforth from the crown block to the traveling block so as to provide thecustomary 8 lines used in heavy loads. The forward end of the cable willthen be passed downwardly around the second drum 28.

`When light loads are being operated and speed is desired. both drumswill preferably be operated. For this purpose, the brake band will beloosened and the clutch 20 will ac thrown into gear with the poweroperated sprocket wheel 18. This will rotate the shaft and the drum 23fixed thereon. The clutch ffl-O willthen be also thrown in, the brakeband on the drum 36 being' loosened and the hoisting; drum 28 thusoperated. The rotation of the shaft 15 will draw upon both ends of thecable at once` and, as will be obvious, the speed with which the load ishandled will be doubled. 1t is apparent,

' of course, that if less than the usual 8 lines are threaded from thecrown block to the travelingv block the speed may be still furtherincreased.

Then the load becomes so heavy, however, that it can not be easilyhandled by'the ordinary power applied to the shaft 15, the clutch 10,serving' to cause the operation of the drum 28 will be thrown out ofgear and the brake band on the drum 38 tightened so as to prevent therotation of this drum. The rotation of the shaft 15 will then act tooperate the drum 23 only and the speed of handling the load will be onlyone-half as great as when both drums were used. The power, as will beobvious. will be increased by two. Thus, without the necessity ofrethreading; the cable over the crown and traveling block, the powerwllgbe increased when the load becomes heavy. The further advantage willarise in that part of the cable may be wound up on the drinn 28 and whenthe load is raised by the operationof the cable on the drum 23 only thenecessary cable used in operating the load will be wound upon the drum23, and the liability of cutting and increased wear on the cable will begreatly lessened.

I-laving thus described our invention, the advantages of which will beunderstood to one skilled in the art, what we claim. as new and desireto protect by Letters Patent is:

l. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting drum,comprising a shaft, a power operated wheel thereon, a clutch to throwsaid shaft in and out of gear with said wheel, main drinn secured tosaid shaft, a second drum on said shaft and normally idling thereon,hand operated means to connect said second d'rurn to said shaft, aload-sustaining cable having voperative connection with both of saiddrums and means to control the speed of said drums.

2. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting apparatuscomprising, a rotatable shaft, means to connect and disconnect saidshaft to source of power, a main drum fixed on said shaft,- a seconddrum, normally idling on said shaft, a load-sustaining cable havingoperative connection withy both of said drums, and means to connect saidsecond drum to said shaft as desired, whereby said cable may be reeledor unreeled from either or both drums simultaneously, as described.

3. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting apparatuscomprising a rotatable shaft, a clutch adapted to connect said shaft toa source of power, a cable drum fixed on said shaft, a second drumnormally idling on said shaft, meansl toconnect said second drum to saidshaft, a loadsustaining cable having` operative connection with both ofsaid drums and brakes controlling the speed of each of said drums.

4. In a device of the character described, a derrick, a load operatingmeans comprising a crown block on said derrick, a traveling blockattached to said load, a hoisting apparatus having two drums, meansA forrotating one or both of said drums, and a cable secured to one of saiddrums, passed over said crown block and around said traveling block aplurality of times, and secured at the other end to theother of saiddrums, whereby said cable may be reeled from oneend or Vfrom both' endsat once as desired.

5. In a device ofthe character described, a derrick, a hoistingapparatus comprising a crown block, a traveling block, a rotat, ableshaft, two cable drums thereon, means to rotate one of said drumsindependently of the other and means whereby both may be rotatedvsimultaneously as desired, and a cable secured at its ends to saiddrums, the

JonN asUMAN. ADRIAN n. GAMBLE.

